Software / API Bindings / Delphi/Lazarus / API Reference and Examples / Bricklets (Discontinued) / Analog In Bricklet

Delphi/Lazarus - Analog In Bricklet¶

This is the description of the Delphi/Lazarus API bindings for the Analog In Bricklet. General information and technical specifications for the Analog In Bricklet are summarized in its hardware description.

An installation guide for the Delphi/Lazarus API bindings is part of their general description.

Examples¶

The example code below is Public Domain (CC0 1.0).

Simple¶

Download (ExampleSimple.pas)

program ExampleSimple;

{$ifdef MSWINDOWS}{$apptype CONSOLE}{$endif}
{$ifdef FPC}{$mode OBJFPC}{$H+}{$endif}

uses
  SysUtils, IPConnection, BrickletAnalogIn;

type
  TExample = class
  private
    ipcon: TIPConnection;
    ai: TBrickletAnalogIn;
  public
    procedure Execute;
  end;

const
  HOST = 'localhost';
  PORT = 4223;
  UID = 'XYZ'; { Change XYZ to the UID of your Analog In Bricklet }

var
  e: TExample;

procedure TExample.Execute;
var voltage: word;
begin
  { Create IP connection }
  ipcon := TIPConnection.Create;

  { Create device object }
  ai := TBrickletAnalogIn.Create(UID, ipcon);

  { Connect to brickd }
  ipcon.Connect(HOST, PORT);
  { Don't use device before ipcon is connected }

  { Get current voltage }
  voltage := ai.GetVoltage;
  WriteLn(Format('Voltage: %f V', [voltage/1000.0]));

  WriteLn('Press key to exit');
  ReadLn;
  ipcon.Destroy; { Calls ipcon.Disconnect internally }
end;

begin
  e := TExample.Create;
  e.Execute;
  e.Destroy;
end.

Callback¶

Download (ExampleCallback.pas)

program ExampleCallback;

{$ifdef MSWINDOWS}{$apptype CONSOLE}{$endif}
{$ifdef FPC}{$mode OBJFPC}{$H+}{$endif}

uses
  SysUtils, IPConnection, BrickletAnalogIn;

type
  TExample = class
  private
    ipcon: TIPConnection;
    ai: TBrickletAnalogIn;
  public
    procedure VoltageCB(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const voltage: word);
    procedure Execute;
  end;

const
  HOST = 'localhost';
  PORT = 4223;
  UID = 'XYZ'; { Change XYZ to the UID of your Analog In Bricklet }

var
  e: TExample;

{ Callback procedure for voltage callback }
procedure TExample.VoltageCB(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const voltage: word);
begin
  WriteLn(Format('Voltage: %f V', [voltage/1000.0]));
end;

procedure TExample.Execute;
begin
  { Create IP connection }
  ipcon := TIPConnection.Create;

  { Create device object }
  ai := TBrickletAnalogIn.Create(UID, ipcon);

  { Connect to brickd }
  ipcon.Connect(HOST, PORT);
  { Don't use device before ipcon is connected }

  { Register voltage callback to procedure VoltageCB }
  ai.OnVoltage := {$ifdef FPC}@{$endif}VoltageCB;

  { Set period for voltage callback to 1s (1000ms)
    Note: The voltage callback is only called every second
          if the voltage has changed since the last call! }
  ai.SetVoltageCallbackPeriod(1000);

  WriteLn('Press key to exit');
  ReadLn;
  ipcon.Destroy; { Calls ipcon.Disconnect internally }
end;

begin
  e := TExample.Create;
  e.Execute;
  e.Destroy;
end.

Threshold¶

Download (ExampleThreshold.pas)

program ExampleThreshold;

{$ifdef MSWINDOWS}{$apptype CONSOLE}{$endif}
{$ifdef FPC}{$mode OBJFPC}{$H+}{$endif}

uses
  SysUtils, IPConnection, BrickletAnalogIn;

type
  TExample = class
  private
    ipcon: TIPConnection;
    ai: TBrickletAnalogIn;
  public
    procedure VoltageReachedCB(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const voltage: word);
    procedure Execute;
  end;

const
  HOST = 'localhost';
  PORT = 4223;
  UID = 'XYZ'; { Change XYZ to the UID of your Analog In Bricklet }

var
  e: TExample;

{ Callback procedure for voltage reached callback }
procedure TExample.VoltageReachedCB(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const voltage: word);
begin
  WriteLn(Format('Voltage: %f V', [voltage/1000.0]));
end;

procedure TExample.Execute;
begin
  { Create IP connection }
  ipcon := TIPConnection.Create;

  { Create device object }
  ai := TBrickletAnalogIn.Create(UID, ipcon);

  { Connect to brickd }
  ipcon.Connect(HOST, PORT);
  { Don't use device before ipcon is connected }

  { Get threshold callbacks with a debounce time of 10 seconds (10000ms) }
  ai.SetDebouncePeriod(10000);

  { Register voltage reached callback to procedure VoltageReachedCB }
  ai.OnVoltageReached := {$ifdef FPC}@{$endif}VoltageReachedCB;

  { Configure threshold for voltage "smaller than 5 V" }
  ai.SetVoltageCallbackThreshold('<', 5*1000, 0);

  WriteLn('Press key to exit');
  ReadLn;
  ipcon.Destroy; { Calls ipcon.Disconnect internally }
end;

begin
  e := TExample.Create;
  e.Execute;
  e.Destroy;
end.

API¶

Since Delphi does not support multiple return values directly, we use the out keyword to return multiple values from a function.

All functions and procedures listed below are thread-safe.

Basic Functions¶

constructor TBrickletAnalogIn.Create(const uid: string; ipcon: TIPConnection)¶

Parameters:	uid – Type: string ipcon – Type: TIPConnection
Returns:	analogIn – Type: TBrickletAnalogIn

Creates an object with the unique device ID uid:

analogIn := TBrickletAnalogIn.Create('YOUR_DEVICE_UID', ipcon);

This object can then be used after the IP Connection is connected.

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetVoltage: word¶

Returns:	voltage – Type: word, Unit: 1 mV, Range: [0 to 45000]

Returns the voltage of the sensor. The resolution between 0 and 6V is about 2mV. Between 6 and 45V the resolution is about 10mV.

If you want to get the voltage periodically, it is recommended to use the OnVoltage callback and set the period with SetVoltageCallbackPeriod.

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetRange(const range: byte)¶

Parameters:	range – Type: byte, Range: See constants, Default: 0

Sets the measurement range. Possible ranges:

0: Automatically switched
1: 0V - 6.05V, ~1.48mV resolution
2: 0V - 10.32V, ~2.52mV resolution
3: 0V - 36.30V, ~8.86mV resolution
4: 0V - 45.00V, ~11.25mV resolution
5: 0V - 3.3V, ~0.81mV resolution, new in version 2.0.3 (Plugin)

The following constants are available for this function:

For range:

BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_AUTOMATIC = 0
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_6V = 1
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_10V = 2
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_36V = 3
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_45V = 4
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_3V = 5

New in version 2.0.1 (Plugin).

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetRange: byte¶

Returns:	range – Type: byte, Range: See constants, Default: 0

Returns the measurement range as set by SetRange.

The following constants are available for this function:

For range:

BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_AUTOMATIC = 0
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_6V = 1
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_10V = 2
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_36V = 3
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_45V = 4
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_RANGE_UP_TO_3V = 5

New in version 2.0.1 (Plugin).

Advanced Functions¶

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetAnalogValue: word¶

Returns:	value – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹² - 1]

Returns the value as read by a 12-bit analog-to-digital converter.

Note

The value returned by GetVoltage is averaged over several samples to yield less noise, while GetAnalogValue gives back raw unfiltered analog values. The only reason to use GetAnalogValue is, if you need the full resolution of the analog-to-digital converter.

If you want the analog value periodically, it is recommended to use the OnAnalogValue callback and set the period with SetAnalogValueCallbackPeriod.

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetAveraging(const average: byte)¶

Parameters:	average – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255], Default: 50

Set the length of a averaging for the voltage value.

Setting the length to 0 will turn the averaging completely off. If the averaging is off, there is more noise on the data, but the data is without delay.

New in version 2.0.3 (Plugin).

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetAveraging: byte¶

Returns:	average – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255], Default: 50

Returns the averaging configuration as set by SetAveraging.

New in version 2.0.3 (Plugin).

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.GetIdentity(out uid: string; out connectedUid: string; out position: char; out hardwareVersion: array [0..2] of byte; out firmwareVersion: array [0..2] of byte; out deviceIdentifier: word)¶

Output Parameters:

Output Parameters:	uid – Type: string, Length: up to 8 connectedUid – Type: string, Length: up to 8 position – Type: char, Range: ['a' to 'h', 'z'] hardwareVersion – Type: array [0..2] of byte 0: major – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255] 1: minor – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255] 2: revision – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255] firmwareVersion – Type: array [0..2] of byte 0: major – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255] 1: minor – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255] 2: revision – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255] deviceIdentifier – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1]

uid – Type: string, Length: up to 8
connectedUid – Type: string, Length: up to 8
position – Type: char, Range: ['a' to 'h', 'z']
hardwareVersion – Type: array [0..2] of byte

0: major – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255]
1: minor – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255]
2: revision – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255]

firmwareVersion – Type: array [0..2] of byte

0: major – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255]
1: minor – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255]
2: revision – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255]

deviceIdentifier – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1]

Returns the UID, the UID where the Bricklet is connected to, the position, the hardware and firmware version as well as the device identifier.

The position can be 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g' or 'h' (Bricklet Port). A Bricklet connected to an Isolator Bricklet is always at position 'z'.

The device identifier numbers can be found here. There is also a constant for the device identifier of this Bricklet.

Callback Configuration Functions¶

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetVoltageCallbackPeriod(const period: longword)¶

Parameters:	period – Type: longword, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 2³² - 1], Default: 0

Sets the period with which the OnVoltage callback is triggered periodically. A value of 0 turns the callback off.

The OnVoltage callback is only triggered if the voltage has changed since the last triggering.

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetVoltageCallbackPeriod: longword¶

Returns:	period – Type: longword, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 2³² - 1], Default: 0

Returns the period as set by SetVoltageCallbackPeriod.

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetAnalogValueCallbackPeriod(const period: longword)¶

Parameters:	period – Type: longword, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 2³² - 1], Default: 0

Sets the period with which the OnAnalogValue callback is triggered periodically. A value of 0 turns the callback off.

The OnAnalogValue callback is only triggered if the analog value has changed since the last triggering.

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetAnalogValueCallbackPeriod: longword¶

Returns:	period – Type: longword, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 2³² - 1], Default: 0

Returns the period as set by SetAnalogValueCallbackPeriod.

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetVoltageCallbackThreshold(const option: char; const min: word; const max: word)¶

Parameters:	option – Type: char, Range: See constants, Default: 'x' min – Type: word, Unit: 1 mV, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1], Default: 0 max – Type: word, Unit: 1 mV, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1], Default: 0

Sets the thresholds for the OnVoltageReached callback.

The following options are possible:

Option	Description
'x'	Callback is turned off
'o'	Callback is triggered when the voltage is outside the min and max values
'i'	Callback is triggered when the voltage is inside the min and max values
'<'	Callback is triggered when the voltage is smaller than the min value (max is ignored)
'>'	Callback is triggered when the voltage is greater than the min value (max is ignored)

The following constants are available for this function:

For option:

BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_OFF = 'x'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_OUTSIDE = 'o'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_INSIDE = 'i'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_SMALLER = '<'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_GREATER = '>'

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.GetVoltageCallbackThreshold(out option: char; out min: word; out max: word)¶

Output Parameters:	option – Type: char, Range: See constants, Default: 'x' min – Type: word, Unit: 1 mV, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1], Default: 0 max – Type: word, Unit: 1 mV, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1], Default: 0

Returns the threshold as set by SetVoltageCallbackThreshold.

The following constants are available for this function:

For option:

BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_OFF = 'x'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_OUTSIDE = 'o'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_INSIDE = 'i'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_SMALLER = '<'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_GREATER = '>'

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetAnalogValueCallbackThreshold(const option: char; const min: word; const max: word)¶

Parameters:	option – Type: char, Range: See constants, Default: 'x' min – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1], Default: 0 max – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1], Default: 0

Sets the thresholds for the OnAnalogValueReached callback.

The following options are possible:

Option	Description
'x'	Callback is turned off
'o'	Callback is triggered when the analog value is outside the min and max values
'i'	Callback is triggered when the analog value is inside the min and max values
'<'	Callback is triggered when the analog value is smaller than the min value (max is ignored)
'>'	Callback is triggered when the analog value is greater than the min value (max is ignored)

The following constants are available for this function:

For option:

BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_OFF = 'x'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_OUTSIDE = 'o'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_INSIDE = 'i'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_SMALLER = '<'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_GREATER = '>'

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.GetAnalogValueCallbackThreshold(out option: char; out min: word; out max: word)¶

Output Parameters:	option – Type: char, Range: See constants, Default: 'x' min – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1], Default: 0 max – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹⁶ - 1], Default: 0

Returns the threshold as set by SetAnalogValueCallbackThreshold.

The following constants are available for this function:

For option:

BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_OFF = 'x'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_OUTSIDE = 'o'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_INSIDE = 'i'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_SMALLER = '<'
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_THRESHOLD_OPTION_GREATER = '>'

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetDebouncePeriod(const debounce: longword)¶

Parameters:	debounce – Type: longword, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 2³² - 1], Default: 100

Sets the period with which the threshold callbacks

OnVoltageReached,
OnAnalogValueReached

are triggered, if the thresholds

SetVoltageCallbackThreshold,
SetAnalogValueCallbackThreshold

keep being reached.

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetDebouncePeriod: longword¶

Returns:	debounce – Type: longword, Unit: 1 ms, Range: [0 to 2³² - 1], Default: 100

Returns the debounce period as set by SetDebouncePeriod.

Callbacks¶

Callbacks can be registered to receive time critical or recurring data from the device. The registration is done by assigning a procedure to an callback property of the device object:

procedure TExample.MyCallback(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const value: longint);
begin
  WriteLn(Format('Value: %d', [value]));
end;

analogIn.OnExample := {$ifdef FPC}@{$endif}example.MyCallback;

The available callback properties and their parameter types are described below.

Note

Using callbacks for recurring events is always preferred compared to using getters. It will use less USB bandwidth and the latency will be a lot better, since there is no round trip time.

property TBrickletAnalogIn.OnVoltage¶

procedure(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const voltage: word) of object;

Callback Parameters:	sender – Type: TBrickletAnalogIn voltage – Type: word, Unit: 1 mV, Range: [0 to 45000]

This callback is triggered periodically with the period that is set by SetVoltageCallbackPeriod. The parameter is the voltage of the sensor.

The OnVoltage callback is only triggered if the voltage has changed since the last triggering.

property TBrickletAnalogIn.OnAnalogValue¶

procedure(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const value: word) of object;

Callback Parameters:	sender – Type: TBrickletAnalogIn value – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹² - 1]

This callback is triggered periodically with the period that is set by SetAnalogValueCallbackPeriod. The parameter is the analog value of the sensor.

The OnAnalogValue callback is only triggered if the voltage has changed since the last triggering.

property TBrickletAnalogIn.OnVoltageReached¶

procedure(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const voltage: word) of object;

Callback Parameters:	sender – Type: TBrickletAnalogIn voltage – Type: word, Unit: 1 mV, Range: [0 to 45000]

This callback is triggered when the threshold as set by SetVoltageCallbackThreshold is reached. The parameter is the voltage of the sensor.

If the threshold keeps being reached, the callback is triggered periodically with the period as set by SetDebouncePeriod.

property TBrickletAnalogIn.OnAnalogValueReached¶

procedure(sender: TBrickletAnalogIn; const value: word) of object;

Callback Parameters:	sender – Type: TBrickletAnalogIn value – Type: word, Range: [0 to 2¹² - 1]

This callback is triggered when the threshold as set by SetAnalogValueCallbackThreshold is reached. The parameter is the analog value of the sensor.

If the threshold keeps being reached, the callback is triggered periodically with the period as set by SetDebouncePeriod.

Virtual Functions¶

Virtual functions don't communicate with the device itself, but operate only on the API bindings device object. They can be called without the corresponding IP Connection object being connected.

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetAPIVersion: array [0..2] of byte¶

Output Parameters:	apiVersion – Type: array [0..2] of byte 0: major – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255] 1: minor – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255] 2: revision – Type: byte, Range: [0 to 255]

Returns the version of the API definition implemented by this API bindings. This is neither the release version of this API bindings nor does it tell you anything about the represented Brick or Bricklet.

function TBrickletAnalogIn.GetResponseExpected(const functionId: byte): boolean¶

Parameters:	functionId – Type: byte, Range: See constants
Returns:	responseExpected – Type: boolean

Returns the response expected flag for the function specified by the function ID parameter. It is true if the function is expected to send a response, false otherwise.

For getter functions this is enabled by default and cannot be disabled, because those functions will always send a response. For callback configuration functions it is enabled by default too, but can be disabled by SetResponseExpected. For setter functions it is disabled by default and can be enabled.

Enabling the response expected flag for a setter function allows to detect timeouts and other error conditions calls of this setter as well. The device will then send a response for this purpose. If this flag is disabled for a setter function then no response is sent and errors are silently ignored, because they cannot be detected.

The following constants are available for this function:

For functionId:

BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_VOLTAGE_CALLBACK_PERIOD = 3
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_ANALOG_VALUE_CALLBACK_PERIOD = 5
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_VOLTAGE_CALLBACK_THRESHOLD = 7
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_ANALOG_VALUE_CALLBACK_THRESHOLD = 9
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_DEBOUNCE_PERIOD = 11
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_RANGE = 17
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_AVERAGING = 19

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetResponseExpected(const functionId: byte; const responseExpected: boolean)¶

Parameters:	functionId – Type: byte, Range: See constants responseExpected – Type: boolean

Changes the response expected flag of the function specified by the function ID parameter. This flag can only be changed for setter (default value: false) and callback configuration functions (default value: true). For getter functions it is always enabled.

The following constants are available for this function:

For functionId:

BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_VOLTAGE_CALLBACK_PERIOD = 3
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_ANALOG_VALUE_CALLBACK_PERIOD = 5
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_VOLTAGE_CALLBACK_THRESHOLD = 7
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_ANALOG_VALUE_CALLBACK_THRESHOLD = 9
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_DEBOUNCE_PERIOD = 11
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_RANGE = 17
BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_FUNCTION_SET_AVERAGING = 19

procedure TBrickletAnalogIn.SetResponseExpectedAll(const responseExpected: boolean)¶

Parameters:	responseExpected – Type: boolean

Changes the response expected flag for all setter and callback configuration functions of this device at once.

Constants¶

const BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER¶

This constant is used to identify a Analog In Bricklet.

The GetIdentity function and the TIPConnection.OnEnumerate callback of the IP Connection have a deviceIdentifier parameter to specify the Brick's or Bricklet's type.

const BRICKLET_ANALOG_IN_DEVICE_DISPLAY_NAME¶: This constant represents the human readable name of a Analog In Bricklet.